Impression Management: Techniques, Strategies, and Effective Tips
Impression management is the process of influencing the opinions, decisions, or observations of others about oneself It involves both expressive and instrumental motives, and can be achieved through various tactics such as lying, flattery, and conforming to social norms Effective management requires self-awareness, dignity, thoughtfulness, courage, emotional control, and positivity
Definition
Impression management refers to the practice of attempting to shape the perceptions, decisions, or attitudes of others towards a specific individual or subject. This can occur within a business setting, where a manager may seek to control the information shared during interactions with employees or the public at large.
This is done to display a favorable impression of the company, its vision, and its mission to the outside world.
Meaning of impression management
Impression management is a tactic used to alter the way others perceive an event, person, or object. It can be a deliberate or subconscious effort by individuals to create a positive image. In the business world, this technique is highly effective in improving brand reputation and driving sales growth.
In both personal and professional settings, individuals utilize the practice of impression management to shape how others perceive them in order to achieve their desired outcomes. This concept is not limited to just everyday interactions but also extends to academic fields such as sociology and psychology, as well as functional areas like media and corporate communication.
Motives behind impression management
Impression management is the art of creating a desirable image or impression of a company or individual to enhance their overall reputation. This technique is often used to increase revenue and gain a competitive advantage. There are two primary motivations behind impression management: to project a positive image and to minimize any negative perceptions that may exist.
1. Expressive motive
The concept of expressive motive is rooted in an individual's reaction to societal expectations, limitations, and norms. It encourages people to take control of their behavior and identity, allowing them to influence others in a positive manner.
2. Instrumental motive
Individuals strive to increase their self-esteem in order to attain desired rewards. As a result, they often attempt to manipulate the perceptions and actions of others to achieve their desired outcomes.
Examples of impression management
Businesses often engage in impression management through their advertising strategies. These promotional efforts are centered on themes designed to capture consumers' attention and encourage them to purchase the related product or service. For instance, a soft drink company may emphasize the taste of its beverage rather than its caffeine content.
Tactics of impression management
Impression management can also be observed in a person's behavior at home versus in public. At home, one may feel more comfortable and therefore display both positive and negative traits. However, in social situations, the individual may present themselves in the best light possible, emphasizing their strengths and positive attributes.
Some typical behavior and tactics that people use to manipulate impressions are
1. Lying or gossiping
People tend to resort to lying or gossiping to change a particular outcome as part of impression management
2. Intimidation
A person uses aggression so that he can compel others to obey him and this is a form of bullying for impression management
3. Flattery
An individual uses flowery words to improve his standing in the hope that others will like him better because of it. This is also a form of impression management
4. Dressing
The way a person dresses shows his desire to manage and change the perception of the person with whom he is going to come into contact.
5. Conforming to social norms
Conforming to established codes of conduct is crucial in creating a desirable image. Take, for example, an individual who remains in the workplace even after finishing their duties because their superior is still present, and leaving only after the boss has left is customary within their company.
6. Boasting
This is self-presentation and includes excessive bluster to gain acceptance.
7. Self-promotion
In this form of impression management a person displays his skills, know-how, and success to others to promote himself and improve his image
8. Supplication
It is also a form of impression management where a person shows his shortcomings to appear needy or to gain desperate approval from others
9. Behavioral matching
Individuals often use impression management tactics to align their behavior with that of a superior or colleague in order to make a positive impression. For example, if an employee's boss is soft-spoken, the employee may intentionally control their own aggression and showcase their own modest and soft-spoken side in order to create a favorable impression.
10. Appreciation
This is one of the most popular tactics of impression management where a person compliments another person on being in his good books
Strategies of impression management
self-promotion and ingratiation. Self-promotion involves highlighting one's accomplishments and abilities in order to create a positive impression. Ingratiation involves using flattery and charm to win favor with others. Both strategies can be effective in creating a positive perception within an organization, but it is important for managers to be aware of these tactics and to encourage a culture of authenticity and transparency. By valuing individual differences and promoting open communication, organizations can foster a positive perception and ultimately achieve success.
1. The demotion-preventive strategy of impression management
When someone is attempting to avoid trouble or minimize their involvement in a negative situation, they may utilize a Demotion-preventive strategy of impression management. This approach is characterized by several key features.
of people. They aim to protect their own reputation and avoid any negative consequences that may arise from being associated with the issue or group in question. It is a common tactic employed in the workplace, where individuals may feel pressured to conform to the opinions of their superiors or colleagues, even if they do not agree with them. Ultimately, it is important for individuals to take responsibility for their actions and stand up for what they believe in, rather than trying to justify their behavior through excuses or distancing themselves from the situation.
An employee in an organization will offer his apologies to his superior or his boss for some adverse event to lessen its impact on himself
2. The promotion-enhancing strategy of impression management
A person or employee who wishes to present themselves in a more favorable light or take on a greater level of responsibility for a successful outcome may employ a Promotion-enhancing strategy of impression management. This approach often involves individuals who feel that their contributions have not been properly recognized or acknowledged within an organization.
Identifying and overcoming personal or organizational obstacles in order to achieve a positive outcome demonstrates a strong level of capability and should be recognized accordingly. However, if an individual feels that their contributions have been undervalued despite their efforts, it is important to speak up and advocate for oneself.
An individual or an employee makes sure that he is in most cases seen with the right people at the right time to boost his impression on others
How to manage impression in an effective manner
It is natural for individuals to want to make a positive impression on others, whether consciously or unconsciously. This desire stems from the need to be liked and accepted by others. Therefore, people often feel the need to regulate their behavior and present themselves in the best possible light to others.
Some important guidelines to manage impressions effectively are as follows
1. Self-awareness
Having self-awareness is a crucial aspect of impression management. It's important to know your worth, your values, and who you are as an individual. Many people tend to blend in with the crowd, but it's important to strive to stand out and showcase your unique personality. Only when you have a deep understanding of yourself can you present yourself in a positive light.
This self-awareness will prove a blessing when he is standing in a crowd and can mold the impressions and assumptions of others to suit his needs and wants.
2. Observe dignity and decorum
Adhering to established norms is essential in both professional and social environments, as they provide guidance on acceptable behavior. To effectively manage impressions, it is important to observe propriety, decorum, and etiquette rules. Following these standards meticulously can help create a positive impression on others, ultimately leading to easier influence in various situations.
3. Be thoughtful
In order to make a lasting impact, it's important to avoid impulsive actions. Someone who is intelligent and wants to make a difference will carefully consider their actions before making a move. Practicing thoughtfulness is a key aspect of improving your impression management strategy. By being mindful of others during interactions, you can ensure that your actions are considerate and respectful.
Being a good listener is crucial in understanding the perspectives of others and reflecting on our own actions and their consequences. This self-awareness can lead to a positive shift in attitude, ultimately influencing the impressions we make on others. While some people believe that sharing personal information can strengthen relationships, it's important to exercise caution. The future is unpredictable, and what may seem like a strong bond today could change over time. Therefore, it's wise to only disclose information that would have minimal impact on your life in case of a breach. Additionally, it's important to be mindful of those who may not have your best interests at heart and could potentially misuse any confidential information shared.
Be prudent and thoughtful if you are effectually looking for impression management.
4. Have the courage
To effect change, one must have the courage to step up and take charge. Being a yes-man will only lead to following the crowd without making any meaningful impact. It's crucial to believe in oneself and have the bravery to execute one's ideas. By taking the lead and initiating change, one can influence the beliefs and opinions of others.
People will respect you for taking the lead and will align with your convictions if you show that you are worthy of that respect from others.
5. Control your emotions
It's important to strike a balance when it comes to emotions and decision-making. While emotions can add value to relationships, it's crucial to avoid letting them dictate your actions. To effectively manage your impression, it's essential to remain mindful of your emotions and react accordingly in every situation. Maintaining impeccable boundaries will help you avoid negative emotions such as disgust, irritation, and anger which can prove detrimental in social or public settings.
Be mindful of your emotions and learn to control them. Expressing too much emotion in the workplace can lead to misunderstandings and conflict. Practice emotional restraint by only showing emotions that are relevant to the situation at hand. Remember that professionalism requires a level-headed approach.
6. Be positive
Positive attitude and optimistic behavior are highly valued by everyone. If you want to successfully apply impression management theory, it's important to maintain a positive outlook. People who possess this quality have the ability to effortlessly influence those around them.
