All You Need to Know About the Most Beloved Food and Drinks in Australia, Vegemite Included

After moving abroad, Australians often long for many aspects of their homeland, such as the breathtaking landscape, the relaxed way of life, and the never-ending blue sky. Surprisingly, even a mundane activity like visiting a local supermarket can evoke intense homesickness among us expats. According to various reports, it is estimated that there are around one million Australians living overseas.

Australia's rich immigration history has shaped its diverse culinary scene, transforming the country into a literal melting pot of cuisines. From the culturally influenced Chiko Roll to the uniquely Australian Golden Gaytime ice cream, the country offers a wide array of food choices.

And let's not forget about Vegemite, the most renowned of them all, celebrating its 100th anniversary on October 25.

As per the National Museum of Australia, Vegemite was concocted in Melbourne in 1923 by chemist CP Callister, who was approached by Australian food manufacturer Fred Walker to develop a product resembling British Marmite.

According to the museum, Vegemite rose to prominence in the Australian market during the Second World War when Marmite was unavailable and the Australian Army provided Vegemite to its soldiers. In the 1950s and 60s, Vegemite continued to be a uniquely Australian food, even after being acquired by the American company Kraft. It became a cultural icon, appearing in songs, on souvenirs, and in various aspects of popular culture. In 2017, Vegemite once again became Australian-owned when it was bought by the dairy company Bega.

More on this famed brown spread below as we round up the A-Z of Aussie favorites:

A: Aeroplane Jelly

Introduced in 1927, this simple dessert is an Australian classic.

Every Australian child grew up singing the famous 1930s jingle: "I like Aeroplane Jelly, Aeroplane Jelly for me!"

The mascot of the brand "Bertie the Aeroplane" was named after inventor Bert Appleroth, a Sydney tram driver who is believed to have produced the initial batch in his bathtub. Despite being currently owned by an American company, Aeroplane Jelly has remained largely unchanged from the time when grandma was a child.

There are numerous brands of jelly available globally, but when it's time to prepare a trifle or a delicious treat for the children, Australian parents cannot resist this beloved and well-known choice.

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B: Bowen mangoes

An Australian variety of mango that isnt grown anywhere else in the world, the Bowen is considered the best of the best.

First discovered in the northern Queensland town of Bowen, hence its name, this variety of mango is also known as Kensington Pride. Bowen mangoes are renowned for their larger size and juiciness, making them highly sought after. In fact, they make up a whopping 80% of mangoes produced in Australia. Although some are exported, it can be argued that the supply is not sufficient to meet the high demand from mango-loving expats.

To Aussies, mangoes are the taste of summer. No matter where we are in the world, the craving for a Bowen mango usually kicks in around Christmas.

C: Chiko Roll

This unique and crispy delicacy has been a beloved symbol of Australia since 1950, where it was initially introduced by a clever boilermaker at football matches. Taking inspiration from Chinese spring rolls, the exact ingredients of this delectable snack remain somewhat mysterious, yet the blend of meat, vegetables, and tantalizing spices creates a truly satisfying experience.

The Chiko Roll is a popular choice for tradies during their lunch breaks or for those late-night cravings on the way back from the pub. It is best enjoyed alongside a few potato scallops and a refreshing soft drink. You can only find this iconic Australian snack at a typical takeaway restaurant.

D: Dukkah

Dukkah - a humble blend of crushed Middle Eastern spices, herbs and nuts from Egypt - has been embraced by Australian foodies.

The popularity of this condiment can be attributed to its versatility. Dukkah can serve as a garnish, a meat coating, or a dip for bread when mixed with olive oil. Some producers have even added native Australian ingredients, including lemon myrtle, macadamia nuts, wattleseed, saltbush, and pepperleaf, to enhance the basic dukkah recipe.

Expats can find many variations in Australian supermarkets and, fortunately, theyre often sold in packets small enough to sneak into a suitcase.

E: Emu

The emu: A delicacy in Australia.

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Australia is one of the few countries where it is considered perfectly acceptable to eat the coat of arms.

Exceptionally lean and gamey, emu and kangaroo tend to be popular among adventurous chefs in Australia.

But when living abroad, neither is easy to get your hands on.

A number of restaurants and specialty butchers offer native meats, but the expense involved in raising emus, in particular, means its harder to come by.

F: Flat white coffee

The flat white is practically Australia'snational drink.

The flat white is almost Aussie enough to be called the national drink.

All over the world, café goers and baristas have been confounded as Aussie expats seek out their favorite brew abroad.

"Where can I find a satisfying flat white in this city?", is one of the frequent inquiries on expat forums.

And its usually the first thing ordered at the airport café when back on home soil.

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G: Golden Gaytime

Ice creams feature highly on the most-wanted lists of expats, so its only natural we highlight them here.

Milky Paddle Pops and fruity Splice have been beloved summer desserts since the 1960s. Similarly, Weis Bars have a rich history of over 60 years, and their mango and cream combinations evoke nostalgic feelings of leisurely summer afternoons.

H: Hamburger (Aussie style)

The Australian burger distinguishes itself by incorporating unconventional ingredients into the traditional recipe. Alongside the staple beef patty, cheese, tomato, lettuce, grilled onions, and tomato sauce (ketchup), we include beetroot, pineapple, a fried egg, and bacon, resulting in a truly satisfying and unique culinary experience.

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A simple search online will show different versions of the Aussie burger, some of which include pickled beetroot and spicy mayo. However, the traditional Aussie burger embraces simplicity.

While it is not difficult to recreate this burger at home, there is nothing quite like the experience of stepping into a local milk bar or fish and chip shop after a day at the beach to savor a burger and a milkshake.

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I: Iced VoVo

The Iced VoVo, a delightful biscuit adorned with pink fondant, raspberry jam, and shredded coconut, holds a cherished place in the heart of our nation. Crafted by Arnotts since the early 1900s, this iconic indulgence gained further fame when former Prime Minister Kevin Rudd acknowledged it during his triumphant speech following the 2007 election, prompting a surge in demand.

"Tomorrow, my friends, marks the beginning of our work. And while you may indulge in a robust cup of tea, or even savor an Iced VoVo along the way, the festivities shall conclude at that," remarked Rudd.

Seldom available for purchase abroad, this delightful delicacy is meant to be relished alongside a warm cup of tea during your visits back home to see your mother.

J: Junk food

Caramello Koala is a brand of chocolate bar manufactured by Cadbury Australia.

Hilary Whiteman/CNN

Australian expats, when asked what they miss the most about their homeland, often mention the absence of certain types of junk food, especially during kids' birthday parties. Allens Lollies, which have been enjoyed for many years, continue to be favorites, with Minties, Fantales, Jaffas, Snakes, and the Classic Party Mix remaining as popular as always.

The fact that all of them are owned by Nestlé, which is based in Switzerland, seems to be of no concern to the Australian public.

Fairy Bread, a popular party food made with white bread, butter, and sprinkles, is both nutritionally empty and rich in nostalgia.

Expats returning to Australia often stock up on popular chocolate bars such as Cadbury Cherry Ripes, Caramello Koalas, and the always in-demand Violet Crumbles.

In terms of savory snacks, Smiths Chips, cheesy Twisties, and Nobbys nuts are the go-to options for snacking, with no foreign counterparts that can match their popularity.

K: Kebabs

The perfect late-night snack.

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We often categorize all Middle Eastern meat-and-pita combinations as "kebab" and consider it a simple classification. However, it is important to note that there are nuanced distinctions in ingredients and quality among doner kebabs, shawarma, souvlaki, and gyros, which can vary depending on their origins.

Experts unanimously declare that the top-quality pork gyros (Greek flatbread stuffed with slowly roasted, succulent meat) served at reputable establishments all across Australia are unparalleled.

Embrace the delectable sauce cascading down your shirt as an indispensable element of this remarkable encounter.

L: Lamingtons

Proving that Aussies love anything with jam and coconut, the lamington is the countrys favorite cake.

Named after Lord Lamington, the eighth governor of Queensland, these delightful sponge cake squares have gained legendary status as a culinary icon. Dipped in rich chocolate and generously coated with coconut, they have captivated the taste buds of many.

Numerous websites and even an Australian Lamington Appreciation Society have emerged, dedicated to unraveling the origins of this beloved treat and perfecting the art of making them. Mastering the ideal balance between chocolate, jam, and coconut is paramount in creating the ultimate lamington experience.

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M: Meat pies

Meat pies: Colloquially referred to as a "dog's eye."

ian waldie/getty images

There are pies, and then there are Aussie meat pies.

Small local establishments, such as the Bemboka Pie Shop and Harry's Café de Wheels, have established themselves as iconic institutions in their respective communities, serving as go-to destinations for pie enthusiasts.

Everyone has their own preferred variation, whether it's a comforting shepherd's pie, a flavorful combination of peas, cheese, and bacon or simply a classic meat-filled option. The only condition is that the pie must be served steaming hot, accompanied by tomato sauce, and enjoyed with just one hand.

With Four N Twenty now exporting to the United States and parts of Asia, some expats can get their pie fix without venturing too far.

N: Noodles

Australia's infatuation with Asian cuisine is well-known, and our neighboring countries to the north greatly impact our culinary preferences.

Even Australians residing in Asia confess their yearning for "Aussie Chinese" or "Aussie Thai" dishes, which pay homage to the authentic versions but possess their own distinctive twist. In fact, many argue that these interpretations might even surpass the originals in terms of taste and appeal.

Wed argue the fresh, high-quality produce and quality meats available in Australia bring out the best in Asian dishes.

O: Oysters

A fishmonger shucks an oyster at the Sydney Fish Market.

Australia is known for producing some of the best oysters in the world, making it a haven for those who enjoy the unique taste of these salty mollusks.

Youll find two main species in Aussie waters: rock oysters and Pacific.

As bivalves, oysters filter the water around them and their location dictates their flavor.

The crystal-clear waters along Australia's coast offer ideal conditions for oysters, rendering them delicious enough to be enjoyed on their own. Eating these slippery treats right off the rocks is an incomparable experience; their true essence simply cannot be captured through export.

P: Pavlova

A pavlova cake is typically served with summer fruits heaped on top.

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The origins of this meringue-based dessert are hotly contested.

Recent research suggests that the Pav didnt come from the antipodes at all, but nevertheless it remains a firm favorite.

The key ingredients of a Pavlova are meringue, cream, and an abundance of fruit. However, there are no strict guidelines regarding the specific fruits to be included. Expatriates residing in tropical regions frequently express frustration over the difficulty of obtaining a high-quality meringue due to the humid climate, which can cause it to become soft and sticky. As a result, Pavlova is considered a rare delicacy.

Q: Quandong and quince

Both the native quandong and the foreign quince lend themselves to some of our favorite condiments and desserts.

The quandong, like a wild peach, is highly versatile and nutritious, able to be transformed into juice, jam, pie filling, or enjoyed raw.

The quince, a cousin of the apple and pear, is commercially cultivated in various varieties across Australia. However, it is most celebrated for its role as the main ingredient in Maggie Beers' quince paste, a perfect accompaniment to soft cheese.

R: Rum

Bottle number 1,888 of Bundaberg Rum's 125th anniversary rum.

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Specifically, Bundaberg Rum, or simply Bundy as it is colloquially referred to by locals, was established in 1888 in response to an excess of molasses in Queensland's sugarcane industry.

Bundy's distinct, rich flavor is attributed to the sugar cultivated in volcanic soil. The factory, which produces 60,000 bottles daily, was featured in a National Geographic documentary in 2013.

To say this drop has cult status would be an understatement.

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S: Seafood

Just throw a shrimp on the barbie.

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Australia boasts a wide range of food items that commence with the letter S, such as delectable smashed avocado, delicious SAO biscuits, and savory sausages, which perfectly capture the essence of the country.

However, the finest culinary offerings in Australia originate from the bountiful sea, and expatriates often nostalgically recall their fond mornings spent at the fish markets, procuring the freshest catch of the day for special celebrations.

Although we are famous for "throwing a shrimp on the barbie," there are other creatures that enjoy greater popularity. Native seafood like barramundi, Balmain or Moreton Bay bugs, abalone, and, of course, prawns are among the mouthwatering options worth waiting in line for.

T: Tim Tams

Tim Tam biscuits, although considered junk food, have gained immense fame and popularity, earning them a distinct place on this list. Unquestionably, the original Tim Tams are unparalleled - consisting of two malted chocolate biscuits filled with luscious chocolate cream and coated in chocolate.

U: Uncle Tobys muesli bars

Uncle Tobys started manufacturing oats in 1893. However, it was in the 1970s that they created their renowned muesli bars, coinciding with the rise of convenience foods. These bars became a popular choice for kids as they offered a variety of flavors and textures, making them an ideal lunchbox treat or after-school snack.

Crunchy versus chewy has sparked numerous playground battles, with our allegiance firmly in the crunchy camp. Nowadays, the selection has expanded to incorporate yogurt and chocolate chip toppings, and there's even a delightful lamington flavor.

V: Vegemite

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No Australian food compilation would be thorough without including this omnipresent savory brown spread, which will celebrate its 100th anniversary on October 25th.

An impressive quantity of twenty million jars of Vegemite are purchased annually, corresponding to one jar for each and every Australian citizen.

Now owned by Bega Cheese, there was great joy when the icon returned to Australian ownership several years ago.

No one else quite understands the appeal of our favorite toast topping.

For those living in countries where its not yet exported, Vegemite comes in massive 560 gram jars and travel-sized tubes.

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W: Weet-Bix

While there are similar cereals available around the world, theres nothing quite like "Australias favorite breakfast."

These wholegrain wheat biscuits, often found in foreign supermarkets, tend to sell out rapidly. Australian mothers have been known to take advantage of their visits to stock up on them.

X: XXXX beer

Weet-Bix, the family-friendly health food, is simply irresistible, whether accompanied by a hint of sugar, a generous serving of chopped banana, or an abundance of milk. Its nutritional benefits are just an added bonus.

XXXX beer is a necessity, even during a flood.

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Another product of sunny Queensland, XXXX (pronounced four-ex) originated in Victoria in 1878 before moving north, where it is still produced today.

XXXX has become beloved by Australians for its excellent beer and unwavering support for both sports and small local communities.

While it may not be easily accessible beyond Australia, if you happen to be an expatriate residing in China or Dubai, there is a chance you might find it served in a nearby bar.

Y: Yabbies

For Australia visitors wanting to have a taste, Perth restaurant Grabs is famed for its yabbies.

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Yabbies, small freshwater crustaceans, bear resemblance to lobsters and are highly valued for their delicacy. These resilient creatures are often caught during summers in local creeks, especially for those who grew up on farms.

Yabbies offer an abundance of savory meat, primarily found in their tail and claws, and when cooked properly, it boasts a delightful and succulent sweetness. While expats may come across these clawed crustaceans in restaurants, it is highly improbable to find them at your nearby supermarket.

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Z: Zucchini fritters

The zucchini fritter is yet another delicious byproduct of immigration.

Depending on who you ask, theyre either Turkish and served with yogurt, or Greek, in which case they come with tzatziki.

Either way, olive oil should ooze out when you take a bite.

In some parts of Australia, you can find zucchini fritters at a local takeaway, next to the potato scallops and Chiko Rolls.

These fried pancakes may have more health benefits than your average fried snack, but they are no less delicious.

This story was originally published in 2018 and was updated in 2023.